Inventory, Management, and Scheduling Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 500 words

Inventory, Management, and Scheduling - Essay Example In this system, rather than placing the inventory in the centralized warehouses, it is placed in small stockpiles conventionally referred to as kanban at strategic points along the assemble line. â€Å"Both [lean manufacturing and the Total Quality Management (TQM)] strategies empower workers on the assembly line, in the belief that those closest to production have the greatest knowledge of how the production system should work† (Blacharski, 2011). Example of the lean manufacturing system can be of a car manufacturing company that takes the order for making a certain type and number of tyres for a day, and the producers are required to deliver them within a limited time to a certain loading bay. Companies benefit from the lean manufacturing because the use of kanban serves to cause a considerable reduction in the amount of waste along with bringing a manifold improvement in the overall productivity of the work. Lean manufacturing also ensures that the work is accomplished in accordance with the consumers’ expectations about the quality of the product. In order to achieve this, each part is analyzed for defects immediately after its creation. In case a defect is noticed, functioning of the production line comes to a halt in order to allow the analysts to determine the problem in its very initial stages. Requirements for balancing JIT and lean systems include commitment of all departments of aligning with a unified goal that is acknowledged and approved by the top management so that planning can be done and resources can be arranged in time accordingly. Initial stages of implementation of lean system require a lot of financial commitment. In order to achieve the required level of efficiency in the system, it is imperative that employees are adequately empowered. Production decisions should be allowed to be made at the lowest level in the hierarchy of the organization structure. Employees that are the most affected if a company decides to switch to a

How Age,Gender and Self-Perception Affect Self-Handicapping Essay

How Age,Gender and Self-Perception Affect Self-Handicapping - Essay Example The matter has caused so much attention from psychologists because of its perceived importance in helping create better responses from students and employees alike. Therefore, there have been much studies conducted to further understand the implications of self-handicapping in schools. In addition, more studies are being employed to consider more variables such as culture, setting and other factors. As more researches have been conducted, proven and accepted regarding the matter on the factors such as age, gender and self-perception, this paper will deal particularly on the aforementioned three components affecting self-handicaps in addition to the definition of the term. This paper will show how age affects self-handicapping. In addition, it will also show that women have been found to be more resilient and therefore able to escape self-handicapping more than men. Lastly, the paper will also look deeper into how self-perception affects the tendency of self-handicapping. First and fo remost, it is the aim of this paper to expound on what self-handicap is all about. According to McCrea and Flamm (2011), self-handicapping is â€Å"an anticipatory self-protective strategy in which individuals create or claim obstacles to success prior to an important performance to excuse potential failure†. ... Understandably, individuals tend to take pride in themselves regardless of their abilities and capabilities so that they would want to be appreciated most of the time especially when they perform well. Nevertheless, failure is inevitable even to the best of the best. However, there is such a circumstance that most people resort to in order to escape the embarrassment of failure and it is called self-handicapping. Leondari and Gonida (2007) summarize the definition of term saying, â€Å"it involves creating obstacles to successful performance on tasks that the individual considers important†. Such obstacles are influenced by factors such as age, gender and self-perception. Just like in many circumstances, age makes a difference in how people react. In the case of self-handicapping, it has been found out that younger children are less inclined to self-handicap compared to older children. According to a study performed on a population of 702 students in Greece, there is no signif icant difference in self-handicapping among the elementary and high school students involved in the experiment. Initially, the researchers assumed that high school students will use self-handicapping strategies more than elementary students because the â€Å"high school environment is more competitive and places more emphasis on performance demands† (Leondari & Gonida, 2007). Nevertheless, their study proved the supposition wrong. What the researchers have found though was that, task goals significantly affected the result of self-handicapping strategies. This means that task goals are more of a motivation to one’s accomplishment in relation to age rather than age alone as a factor influencing self-handicapping. From the

Electronic Laboratory Practise Lab Report Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 500 words

Electronic Laboratory Practise - Lab Report Example Therefore, the combined resistance is given by In this report, knowledge and experience in the use of essential laboratory equipment was acquired. The use of the oscilloscope, the signal generator, the power supply and digital multimeter were used to understand applications of various electronic circuits. The finite accuracy of the laboratory measuring instruments was equally demonstrated. The color coded resistors were read to establish the resistance of the resistors. After the resistance was measured using a digital meter and it was then confirmed whether the results depict similar resistance. The resistances measured are approximately equal with slight variation that is due to manufacturers errors that cannot be avoided in the manufacturing process (Purrington, 1997). The tolerances provided define the appropriate limit of acceptable resistance. For the 5 ohms resistor (5 Â ± 0.05) therefore 4.998 is within the range. Similarly, the lower boundary for 22 ohm resistor is (22Â ± 1.1) while the 20.9 ohms lower boundary lies within the range. The likely estimate of the voltages when 5 ohms and 22 ohms resistors were connected to 6.0 V supply to create a potential divider was determined theoretically. A digital multimeter was connected across each of the resistors and voltages obtained were compared. The results obtained were recorded as shown. From the results obtained, it is clear that the larger resistor receives the greatest share of the voltage in a voltage divider. Internal resistance of the multimeter adversely affects the measured voltage in cases where large current is drawn (Hector, Lein, & Scouten, 1943). In this case the amount of current drawn is relatively small hence there is no significant effect on the measured voltage. The current through the two resistors which were in parallel was determined theoretically and

Corporate Restructuring Case Study Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1500 words

Corporate Restructuring - Case Study Example Organizations need to be more efficient and effective to ward off the challenges of deregulation and hence increased competition. As a result of increased market pressures, it is unavoidable that organizations analyze and redesign all aspects of their business to remain competitive. Companies around the world are awaking to new realities of an intensively competitive domain and have been undertaking extensive restructuring both at the operational and at the strategic levels. Organizations around the world need to make more decisive choices and take the challenges to leap frog to the next phase of growth. Business portfolios need to be restructured and realigned to assimilate the effects of globalization and deregulation. Companies all over the world are exploring various restructuring methodologies such as Cost cuttings, better customer relationship management, Resource Planning, mergers, takeovers and buy-outs to pursue focused growth. Citicorp: Citicorp was the descendant of City Bank of New York which was founded On June 16, 1812, with $2 million of capital, later, in 1968 renamed as First National City Bank. Large corporate banking was the core business of Citicorp and was one of the largest banks in the United States at the time of its merger with Travelers Group. Traveler Traveler Group: Insurance titan Travelers was founded in 1864 in Hartford, Connecticut. In the 1990s, Travelers went through a sequence of mergers and acquisitions, First with Primerica in 1993 and then Aetna's property and casualty business in 1996. Traveler was the first company in America to insure against accidents and to introduce automobile insurance policy. Making of the Giant - Acquisition In October 1996, Citigroup, Inc. was formed after a $70 billion Merger between Citicorp and the Travelers Group. The Travelers Insurance acquisition added property and casualty, and life and annuities underwriting capabilities to the group. It also brought along the Travelers red umbrella logo, which they applied to all the businesses within the group. One notable exception is Citibank, whose logo is Citibank with a red arc over the't'. The Citicorp-Travelers merger has represented a new era of inorganic growth. Motives behind Merger The merger of Citicorp and Travelers Group took place in 1998 against the prevailing US laws such as Glass-Steagall Act which prohibited the merger of a bank with an insurance underwriter. In year 1999, before the trial period provided by Glass-Steagall Act could end, new law, Gramm-Leach-Bliley Act which invalidated previous law was framed, this validated the merger. The main official motive behind this merger was expanding their product mix, customer base and ", achieve cost savings and synergies" and "to leave a bigger footprint". Restructuring after Merger Weill, then CEO of Traveler Group, proposed a structure of co-CEO's, in order to convince Citicorp to merge, consisting himself and John Reed, CEO of Citicorp. This strategy was believed unworkable by many business research analysts. Former Treasury Secretary Robert Rubin was brought in as a moderator between Reed and Weill . But, conflicts within the company eventually forced Reed to come out of the conglomerate. Later three co-CEO's were inducted

Miracles Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 500 words

Miracles - Essay Example Importantly, the same underscores the nature of the Christian God as One who keeps His covenants. In Genesis, He gives Abraham a son, even if it is clear that Abraham was far from perfect. In Genesis, He protects the patriarchs miraculously in order to protect this covenant and the promise of the Messiah. For instance, God miraculously preserves Abraham from Pharaoh and Isaac from Abimelech. As a Sovereign Being, the God of the Bible has the right to annul contents of His covenants whimsically or justifiably, but He keeps His covenant instead. The miracles also reveal the nature of God as Just as He avenges the Israelites at the hands of Pharaoh, vis-Ã  -vis, the Ten Plagues of Egypt. Just as has been previously mentioned, God uses miracles to reveal not only His nature and Person, but also His name, as can be seen in Exodus 3. Miracles also prove God’s sovereignty over nature as is the case of the splitting of the Red Sea (Elwell, 1997). It is also important to acknowledge the fact that as co-workers with man, God can use man as the instrument through which His miraculous power and providence flows. Moses, Elijah, Elisha, Isaiah and Jeremiah are some of the people through whose hands miraculous works were wrought. In the New Testament, Jesus is the focal point of these miracles: He is the Miracle people had been waiting for (Isaiah 7:14); He is the miracle Worker; and the Person by whom God by His Spirit performs miracles. As such, the creative power is seen in Jesus giving sight to the blind and God’s power over death is seen in Jesus resurrecting Lazarus, Jairus’ daughter and later on Himself. God’s sovereignty over nature is seen in Him walking over water and rebuking the storm. All the revelation and intent that God wanted to communicate in the Old Covenant is fully and more clearly revealed, illustrated and expounded in the Person of Christ. The starting point for anyone

Symbolism, Poetic Realism and Poetic Tragedy in 'A Streetcar Named Essay

Symbolism, Poetic Realism and Poetic Tragedy in 'A Streetcar Named Desire' - Essay Example Rather than let go of her illusions, or lose herself, Blanche descends into insanity, telling the doctor at the end of the play, Blanche has a poetic quality in her speech, whereas Stanley is down-to-earth, crude and cruel, reflecting the brutality Williams has given him. When they talk together, they might really be trading punches or throwing stones at each other. In Scene 2, when he demands the papers regarding the loss of Belle Reve (Beautiful Dream, a major symbol) their exchange suggests a fight with more than mere words. Her language never loses refinement, grammatical correctness or poetic inference, while Stanley appears to have little education or regard for the proper use of English. He relies on fact, she, on fantasy. Blanche, white, for purity and truth, and light. She fears light, it will show her as she truly is and destroy the pure and beautiful facade she wants to create, especially for Mitch, yet she refers to the death of her young husband as, She considers that time and that light in her life to constitute the purity and innocence she pretends to still possess. Making Mitch cover the light bulb with the Chinese lantern symbolizes her fear of exposure, her aging, her past, and her loss of all illusions. Her constant singing of 'Paper Moon is almost a cry for acceptance - 'but it wouldn't be make believe if you believed in me'. How poignant those words become when Mitch confronts her with her lies and tries to rape her. Both the polka and 'flores para los muertes' come together in Scene 9 as a powerful symbolic message of Blanche's loss. Sex and death are threaded throughout the play, and Blanche sees desire as the opposite of death to explain her sexual encounters with the young men back in Laurel. She is signing the death warrant of her dreams, of a life with Mitch. The polka, or Varsoviana Waltz is introduced on the night her husband killed himself, again sex and death linked, and it appears each time she speaks of him. As Stanley goads her closer to madness, we hear it, and she hears it in her head, together with the voices, music and noises of life outside Blanche's illusory 3. world. The sounds are symbolic of her diminishing sanity, existing only in her head, or are they telling the audience what a harsh, wild place the real world can be Conversely, the 'blue piano' symbolizes life, sex, love and vitality for Stella and Stanley. It means life, the polka means death. Elysian Fields, from Greek mythology is a happy resting place for

Aristolochic Acid Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 2750 words

Aristolochic Acid - Essay Example 'Aristolochic acid is a rodent carcinogen found in the Aristolochia and Asarum species, both in the Aristolochiaceae family of plants such as the Aristolochia fangchi' [1]. Botanicals Known or Suspected to Contain Aristolochic Acid [4] Botanical Name* Common or Other Names Aristolochia spp. Aristolochia Guan mu tong Guang mu tong Aristolochia acuminata Lam. Syn. Aristolochia tagala Champ. Oval leaf Dutchman's pipe Aristolochia argentina Griseb. Aristolochia baetica Linn. Syn. Aristolochia bracteolata Lam. Aristolochia bracteata Retz. Ukulwe Aristolochia chilensis Bridges in Lindl. Aristolochia cinnabarina C.Y. Cheng & J.L. Wu Aristolochia clematitis L. Birthwort Aristolochia contorta Bunge Ma dou ling Tian xian teng Aristolochia cymbifera Mart. & Zucc. Mil homens Aristolochia debilis Siebold & Zucc. Syn. Aristolochia longa Thunb. Syn. Aristolochia recurvilabra Hance Syn. Aristolochia sinarum Lindl. Ma dou ling Tian xian teng Qing mu xiang Sei-mokkou (Japanese) Birthwort Long birthwort Aristolochia elegans Mast. Syn. Aristolochia hassleriana Chodat Aristolochia esperanzae Kuntze Aristolochia fangchi Y.C. Wu ex L.D. Chow & S.M. Hwang Guang fang ji Fang ji Mokuboi (Japanese) Kwangbanggi (Korean) Fang chi Kou-boui (Japanese) Aristolochia fimbriata Cham. Aristolochia indica L. Indian birthwort Aristolochia kaempferi Willd. Syn. Aristolochia chrysops (Stapf) E.H. Wilson ex Rehder Syn. Aristolochia feddei H. Lv. Syn. Aristolochia heterophylla Hemsl. Syn. Aristolochia mollis Dunn Syn. Aristolochia setchuenensis Franch. Syn. Aristolochia shimadai Hayata Syn. Aristolochia thibetica Franch. Syn. Isotrema chrysops Stapf Syn. Isotrema heterophylla (Hemsl.) Stapf Syn. Isotrema lasiops Stapf Yellowmouth Dutchman's... Aristolochic acid (AA) is a known genotoxic mutagen and is generally derived from plant extracts and is formed from aristolochic acid I (AAI) and aristolochic acid II (AAII), [20, 22, 17, 25] it is potentially carcinogenic to most rodent species [12, 13, 5, 25] and in humans [6, 15, 25]. The formation of DNA adducts by Aristolochic acid (AA) gives it it's mutagenic and carcinogenic properties, due to the process of reductive metabolic activation where both types of AA's (AA I and AA II) react with the nucleic acids adenine and guanine [18, 19, 25]. Specimen exists at New York Botanical Gardens. Tropicos does not list this species as a synonym for any Thottea species. Kew Gardens Herbarium does not recognize the genera Bragantia. Until additional information is obtained we will use the name as cited in J. Nat. Products 45:657-666 (1982) Using a laboratory-made pressurized liquid extraction (PLE) method set at the dynamic mode, Aristolochic acids I and II can be extracted from medicinal plants. If the intended extracts will be extracted from medicinal plants, spiking (addition of enzymes or other catalytic substances) will not be done, but ultrasonic and Sohxlet extraction will both be done to determine the accuracy of the techniques.